Merge "Arch Design: Handle remaining glossary entries"
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="arch-design-glossary">
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<title>Glossary</title>
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<!--
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This file needs to be removed. For the remaining entries,
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figure out which ones should go to the common glossary in
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../glossary/glossary-terms.xml and which ones can be removed
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completely. For each entry that should appear in the Arch
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Design Glossary, a glossterm markup needs to be done in the
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text.
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-->
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Anycast - A network routing methodology that routes
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traffic from a single sender to the nearest node, in a
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pool of nodes.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Broadcast Domain - The layer 2 segment shared by a
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group of network connected nodes.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Capital Expenditure (CapEx) - A capital expense,
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capital expenditure, CapEx is an initial cost for
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building a product, business, or system.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>CDN - Content delivery network - a specialized
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network that is used to distribute content to clients,
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typically located close to the client for increased
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performance.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>CI/CD - Continuous Integration / Continuous
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Deployment, a methodology where software is
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continually built and unit tests run for each change
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that is merged, or proposed for merge. Continuous
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Deployment is a software development methodology where
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changes are deployed into production as they are
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merged into source control, rather than being
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collected into a release and deployed at regular
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intervals</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Cloud Broker - A cloud broker is a third-party
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individual or business that acts as an intermediary
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between the purchaser of a cloud computing service and
|
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the sellers of that service. In general, a broker is
|
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someone who acts as an intermediary between two or
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more parties during negotiations.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Cloud Consumer - User that consumes cloud instances,
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storage, or other resources in a cloud environment.
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This user interacts with OpenStack or other cloud
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management tools.</para>
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</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>Cloud Management Platform (CMP) - Products that
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provide a common interface to manage multiple cloud
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environments or platforms.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Connection Broker - In desktop virtualization, a
|
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connection broker is a software program that allows
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the end-user to connect to an available
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desktop.</para>
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</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
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<para>Direct Attached Storage (DAS) - Data storage that is
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directly connected to a machine.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Direct Server Return - A technique in load balancing
|
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where an initial request is routed through a load
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balancer, and the reply is sent from the responding
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node directly to the requester.</para>
|
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
|
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<para>Denial of Service (DoS) - In computing, a
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denial-of-service or distributed denial-of-service
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attack is an attempt to make a machine or network
|
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resource unavailable to its intended users.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD) - The
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Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD) is a
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distributed replicated storage system for the Linux
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platform.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Differentiated Service Code Point (DSCP) - Defined
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in RFC 2474, this field in IPv4 and IPv6 headers is
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used to define classes of network traffic, for quality
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of service purposes.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>External Border Gateway Protocol (eBGP) - External
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Border Gateway Protocol describes a specific
|
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implementation of BGP designed for inter-autonomous
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system communication</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Elastic IP - An Amazon Web Services concept, which
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is an IP address that can be dynamically allocated and
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reassigned to running instances on the fly. The
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OpenStack equivalent is a Floating IP.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>External Cloud - A cloud environment that exists
|
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outside of the control of an organization. Referred to
|
||||
for hybrid cloud to indicate a public cloud or an
|
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off-site hosted cloud.</para>
|
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</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
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<para>Federated Cloud - A federated cloud describes a
|
||||
multiple sets of cloud resources, for example compute
|
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or storage, that are managed by a centralized
|
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endpoint.</para>
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</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
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<para>Flow - A series of packets that are stateful in
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nature and represent a session. Usually represented by
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a TCP stream, but can also indicate other packet types
|
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that when combined comprise a connection between two
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points.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Golden Image - An operating system image that
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contains a set of pre-installed software packages and
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configurations. This may be used to build standardized
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instances that have the same base set of configuration
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to improve mean time to functional application</para>
|
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</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
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<para>Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) - A single chip
|
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processor with integrated transform, lighting,
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triangle setup/clipping, and rendering engines that is
|
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capable of processing a minimum of 10 million polygons
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per second. Traditional uses are any compute problem
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that can be represented as a vector or matrix
|
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operation.</para>
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</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) - A
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distributed file-system that stores data on commodity
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machines, providing very high aggregate bandwidth
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across the cluster.</para>
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</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>High Performance Computing (HPC) - Also known as
|
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distributed computing - used for computation intensive
|
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processes run on a large number of instances</para>
|
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</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>Hierarchical Storage Management (HSM) - Hierarchical
|
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storage management is a data storage technique, which
|
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automatically moves data between high-cost and
|
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low-cost storage media</para>
|
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</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) - Hot Standby
|
||||
Router Protocol is a Cisco proprietary redundancy
|
||||
protocol for establishing a fault-tolerant default
|
||||
gateway, and has been described in detail in RFC
|
||||
2281.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Interior Border Gateway Protocol (iBGP) - Interior
|
||||
Border Gateway Protocol is an interior gateway
|
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protocol designed to exchange routing and reachability
|
||||
information within autonomous systems.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) - An Interior
|
||||
Gateway Protocol is a type of protocol used for
|
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exchanging routing information between gateways
|
||||
(commonly routers) within an Autonomous System (for
|
||||
example, a system of corporate local area networks).
|
||||
This routing information can then be used to route
|
||||
network-level protocols like IP.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
|
||||
<para>jClouds - An open source multi-cloud toolkit for the
|
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Java platform that gives you the freedom to create
|
||||
applications that are portable across clouds while
|
||||
giving you full control to use cloud-specific
|
||||
features.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Jitter - Is the deviation from true periodicity of a
|
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presumed periodic signal in electronics and
|
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telecommunications, often in relation to a reference
|
||||
clock source.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>Jumbo Frame - Ethernet frames with more than 1500
|
||||
bytes of payload.</para>
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</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>LAG - Link aggregation group is a term to describe
|
||||
various methods of combining (aggregating) multiple
|
||||
network connections in parallel into a group to
|
||||
increase throughput beyond what a single connection
|
||||
could sustain, and to provide redundancy in case one
|
||||
of the links fail.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Legacy System - An old method, technology, computer
|
||||
system, or application program that is considered
|
||||
outdated.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Looking Glass - A tool that provides information on
|
||||
backbone routing and network efficiency.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
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<para>Microsoft Azure - A cloud computing platform and
|
||||
infrastructure, created by Microsoft, for building,
|
||||
deploying and managing applications and services
|
||||
through a global network of Microsoft-managed
|
||||
datacenters.</para>
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||||
</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>MongoDB - A cross-platform document-oriented
|
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database. Classified as a NoSQL database, MongoDB
|
||||
eschews the traditional table-based relational
|
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database structure in favor of JSON-like documents
|
||||
with dynamic schemas.</para>
|
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</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Mean Time Before Failures (MTBF) - Mean time before
|
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failures is the predicted elapsed time before inherent
|
||||
failures of a system during operation. MTBF can be
|
||||
calculated as the arithmetic mean (average) time
|
||||
between failures of a system.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) - The maximum
|
||||
transmission unit of a communications protocol of a
|
||||
layer is the size (in bytes) of the largest protocol
|
||||
data unit that the layer can pass onwards.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>NAT64 - NAT64 is a mechanism to allow IPv6 hosts to
|
||||
communicate with IPv4 servers. The NAT64 server is the
|
||||
endpoint for at least one IPv4 address and an IPv6
|
||||
network segment of 32-bits.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) - Network
|
||||
Functions Virtualization is a network architecture
|
||||
concept that proposes using IT virtualization related
|
||||
technologies, to virtualize entire classes of network
|
||||
node functions into building blocks that may be
|
||||
connected, or chained, together to create
|
||||
communication services.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>NoSQL - A NoSQL or Not Only SQL database provides a
|
||||
mechanism for storage and retrieval of data that is
|
||||
modeled in means other than the tabular relations used
|
||||
in relational databases.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Operational Expenditure (OPEX) - An operating
|
||||
expense, operating expenditure, operational expense,
|
||||
operational expenditure or OPEX is an ongoing cost for
|
||||
running a product, business, or system.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Original Design Manufacturers (ODM) - Original
|
||||
Design Manufacturers, a company which designs and
|
||||
manufactures a product which is specified and
|
||||
eventually branded by another firm for sale.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Overlay Network - An overlay network is a computer
|
||||
network which is built on the top of another network.
|
||||
Nodes in the overlay can be thought of as being
|
||||
connected by virtual or logical links, each of which
|
||||
corresponds to a path, perhaps through many physical
|
||||
links, in the underlying network.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Packet Storm - A cause of degraded service or
|
||||
failure that occurs when a network system is
|
||||
overwhelmed by continuous multicast or broadcast
|
||||
traffic.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) - Power usage
|
||||
effectiveness is a measure of how efficiently a
|
||||
computer data center uses energy; specifically, how
|
||||
much energy is used by the computing equipment (in
|
||||
contrast to cooling and other overhead).</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Quality of Service (QoS) - Quality of Service is the
|
||||
overall performance of a telephony or computer
|
||||
network, particularly the performance seen by the
|
||||
users of the network.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Remote Desktop Host - A server that hosts Remote
|
||||
Applications as session-based desktops. Users can
|
||||
access a Remote Desktop Host server by using the
|
||||
Remote Desktop Connection client.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Renumbering - Network renumbering, the exercise of
|
||||
renumbering a network consists of changing the IP host
|
||||
addresses, and perhaps the network mask, of each
|
||||
device within the network that has an address
|
||||
associated with it.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Rollback - In database technologies, a rollback is
|
||||
an operation which returns the database to some
|
||||
previous state. Rollbacks are important for database
|
||||
integrity, because they mean that the database can be
|
||||
restored to a clean copy even after erroneous
|
||||
operations are performed.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Remote Procedure Call (RPC) - A powerful technique
|
||||
for constructing distributed, client-server based
|
||||
applications. The communicating processes may be on
|
||||
the same system, or they may be on different systems
|
||||
with a network connecting them.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Recovery Point Objective (RPO) - A recovery point
|
||||
objective is defined by business continuity planning.
|
||||
It is the maximum tolerable period in which data might
|
||||
be lost from an IT service due to a major incident.
|
||||
The RPO gives systems designers a limit to work
|
||||
to.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Recovery Time Objective (RTO) - The recovery time
|
||||
objective is the duration of time and a service level
|
||||
within which a business process must be restored after
|
||||
a disaster (or disruption) in order to avoid
|
||||
unacceptable consequences associated with a break in
|
||||
business continuity.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Software Development Kit (SDK) - A software
|
||||
development kit is typically a set of software
|
||||
development tools that allows for the creation of
|
||||
applications for a certain software package, software
|
||||
framework, hardware platform, computer system, video
|
||||
game console, operating system, or similar development
|
||||
platform.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Service Level Agreement (SLA) - A service-level
|
||||
agreement is a part of a service
|
||||
contract[disambiguation needed] where a service is
|
||||
formally defined. In practice, the term SLA is
|
||||
sometimes used to refer to the contracted delivery
|
||||
time (of the service or performance).</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC) - Software
|
||||
development life cycle - A software development
|
||||
process, also known as a software development
|
||||
life-cycle (SDLC), is a structure imposed on the
|
||||
development of a software product.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Top of Rack Switch (ToR Switch) - A Top of the Rack
|
||||
or (TOR) switch is a small port count switch that sits
|
||||
on the very top or near the top of a Telco rack you
|
||||
see in Datacenters.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Traffic Shaping - Traffic shaping (also known as
|
||||
"packet shaping") is a computer network traffic
|
||||
management technique which delays some or all
|
||||
datagrams to bring them into compliance with a desired
|
||||
traffic profile. Traffic shaping is a form of rate
|
||||
limiting.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Tunneling - Computer networks use a tunneling
|
||||
protocol when one network protocol (the delivery
|
||||
protocol) encapsulates a different payload protocol.
|
||||
By using tunneling one can (for example) carry a
|
||||
payload over an incompatible delivery-network, or
|
||||
provide a secure path through an untrusted
|
||||
network.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) - Virtual
|
||||
Desktop Infrastructure is a desktop-centric service
|
||||
that hosts user desktop environments on remote
|
||||
servers, which are accessed over a network using a
|
||||
remote display protocol. A connection brokering
|
||||
service is used to connect users to their assigned
|
||||
desktop sessions.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Virtual Local Area Networks (VLAN) - In computer
|
||||
networking, a single layer-2 network may be
|
||||
partitioned to create multiple distinct broadcast
|
||||
domains, which are mutually isolated so that packets
|
||||
can only pass between them via one or more routers;
|
||||
such a domain is referred to as a virtual local area
|
||||
network, virtual LAN or VLAN.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) -
|
||||
Voice-over-Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a methodology
|
||||
and group of technologies for the delivery of voice
|
||||
communications and multimedia sessions over Internet
|
||||
Protocol (IP) networks, such as the Internet.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) - The
|
||||
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) is a
|
||||
computer networking protocol that provides for
|
||||
automatic assignment of available Internet Protocol
|
||||
(IP) routers to participating hosts. This increases
|
||||
the availability and reliability of routing paths via
|
||||
automatic default gateway selections on an IP
|
||||
sub-network.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint (VTEP) - VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint
|
||||
- Used for frame encapsulation. VTEP functionality can
|
||||
be implemented in software such as a virtual switch or
|
||||
in the form a physical switch.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Virtual Extensible Local Area Network (VXLAN) -
|
||||
Virtual Extensible LAN is a network virtualization
|
||||
technology that attempts to ameliorate the scalability
|
||||
problems associated with large cloud computing
|
||||
deployments. It uses a VLAN-like encapsulation
|
||||
technique to encapsulate MAC-based OSI layer 2
|
||||
Ethernet frames within layer 3 UDP packets.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Wide Area Network (WAN) - A wide area network is a
|
||||
network that covers a broad area using leased or
|
||||
private telecommunication lines.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
@ -157,7 +157,8 @@
|
||||
<para>Security considerations, such as how data is secured
|
||||
between client and endpoint and any traffic that
|
||||
traverses the multiple clouds, from eavesdropping to
|
||||
DoS activities must be addressed. Business and
|
||||
<glossterm baseform="denial of service (DoS)">DoS</glossterm>
|
||||
activities must be addressed. Business and
|
||||
regulatory requirements dictate the security approach
|
||||
that needs to be taken.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -2325,6 +2325,20 @@
|
||||
</glossdef>
|
||||
</glossentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<glossentry>
|
||||
<glossterm>denial of service (DoS)</glossterm>
|
||||
<indexterm class="singular">
|
||||
<primary>denial of service (DoS)</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<glossdef>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Denial of service (DoS) is a short form for
|
||||
denial-of-service attack. This is a malicious attempt to
|
||||
prevent legitimate users from using a service.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</glossdef>
|
||||
</glossentry>
|
||||
<glossentry>
|
||||
<glossterm>deprecated auth</glossterm>
|
||||
<indexterm class="singular">
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user